dwl/dwl.c

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/*
* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
*/
#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <linux/input-event-codes.h>
#include <wayland-server-core.h>
#include <wlr/backend.h>
#include <wlr/render/wlr_renderer.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_cursor.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_compositor.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_data_device.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_input_device.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_keyboard.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_matrix.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_output.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_output_layout.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_pointer.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_seat.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_xcursor_manager.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_xdg_shell.h>
#include <wlr/util/log.h>
#include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
/* macros */
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#define MAX(A, B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
#define MIN(A, B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
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#define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~WLR_MODIFIER_CAPS)
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#define VISIBLEON(C, M) ((C)->mon == (M) && ((C)->tags & (M)->tagset[(M)->seltags]))
#define LENGTH(X) (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
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#define TAGMASK ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
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/* enums */
enum { CurNormal, CurMove, CurResize }; /* cursor */
typedef union {
int i;
unsigned int ui;
float f;
const void *v;
} Arg;
typedef struct {
unsigned int mod;
unsigned int button;
void (*func)(const Arg *);
const Arg arg;
} Button;
typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
typedef struct {
struct wl_list link;
struct wl_list flink;
struct wlr_xdg_surface *xdg_surface;
struct wl_listener map;
struct wl_listener unmap;
struct wl_listener destroy;
struct wl_listener request_move;
struct wl_listener request_resize;
Monitor *mon;
int x, y; /* layout-relative */
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unsigned int tags;
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int isfloating;
} Client;
typedef struct {
uint32_t mod;
xkb_keysym_t keysym;
void (*func)(const Arg *);
const Arg arg;
} Key;
typedef struct {
struct wl_list link;
struct wlr_input_device *device;
struct wl_listener modifiers;
struct wl_listener key;
} Keyboard;
typedef struct {
const char *symbol;
void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
} Layout;
struct Monitor {
struct wl_list link;
struct wlr_output *wlr_output;
struct wl_listener frame;
struct wlr_box *geom; /* layout-relative */
int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* layout-relative */
const Layout *lt[2];
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unsigned int seltags;
unsigned int sellt;
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unsigned int tagset[2];
double mfact;
int nmaster;
};
typedef struct {
const char *name;
float mfact;
int nmaster;
float scale;
const Layout *lt;
} MonitorRule;
/* Used to move all of the data necessary to render a surface from the top-level
* frame handler to the per-surface render function. */
struct render_data {
struct wlr_output *output;
struct timespec *when;
int x, y; /* layout-relative */
};
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/* function declarations */
static void arrange(Monitor *m);
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static void axisnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void buttonpress(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void createkeyboard(struct wlr_input_device *device);
static void createmon(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
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static void createnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void createpointer(struct wlr_input_device *device);
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static void cursorframe(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void destroynotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void focus(Client *c, struct wlr_surface *surface);
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static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
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static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
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static void inputdevice(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static bool keybinding(uint32_t mods, xkb_keysym_t sym);
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static void keypress(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void keypressmod(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void maprequest(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void motionabsolute(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void motionnotify(uint32_t time);
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static void motionrelative(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
static void quit(const Arg *arg);
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static void render(struct wlr_surface *surface, int sx, int sy, void *data);
static void rendermon(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
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static void run(char *startup_cmd);
static Client *selclient(void);
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static void setcursor(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
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static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
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static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
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static void setup(void);
static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
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static void tag(const Arg *arg);
static void tile(Monitor *m);
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static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
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static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
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static void unmapnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data);
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static void view(const Arg *arg);
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static Client *xytoclient(double x, double y,
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struct wlr_surface **surface, double *sx, double *sy);
static Monitor *xytomon(double x, double y);
/* variables */
static struct wl_display *wl_display;
static struct wlr_backend *backend;
static struct wlr_renderer *renderer;
static struct wlr_xdg_shell *xdg_shell;
static struct wl_listener new_xdg_surface;
static struct wl_list clients; /* tiling order */
static struct wl_list fstack; /* focus order */
static struct wlr_cursor *cursor;
static struct wlr_xcursor_manager *cursor_mgr;
static struct wl_listener cursor_motion;
static struct wl_listener cursor_motion_absolute;
static struct wl_listener cursor_button;
static struct wl_listener cursor_axis;
static struct wl_listener cursor_frame;
static struct wlr_seat *seat;
static struct wl_listener new_input;
static struct wl_listener request_cursor;
static struct wl_list keyboards;
static unsigned int cursor_mode;
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static Client *grabc;
static double grabsx, grabsy;
static struct wlr_output_layout *output_layout;
static struct wl_list mons;
static struct wl_listener new_output;
static Monitor *selmon;
#include "config.h"
void
arrange(Monitor *m)
{
if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
}
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void
axisnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
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/* This event is forwarded by the cursor when a pointer emits an axis event,
* for example when you move the scroll wheel. */
struct wlr_event_pointer_axis *event = data;
/* Notify the client with pointer focus of the axis event. */
wlr_seat_pointer_notify_axis(seat,
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event->time_msec, event->orientation, event->delta,
event->delta_discrete, event->source);
}
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void
buttonpress(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
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/* This event is forwarded by the cursor when a pointer emits a button
* event. */
struct wlr_event_pointer_button *event = data;
/* Notify the client with pointer focus that a button press has occurred */
wlr_seat_pointer_notify_button(seat,
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event->time_msec, event->button, event->state);
double sx, sy;
struct wlr_surface *surface;
Client *c = xytoclient(cursor->x, cursor->y,
&surface, &sx, &sy);
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if (event->state == WLR_BUTTON_RELEASED) {
/* If you released any buttons, we exit interactive move/resize mode. */
cursor_mode = CurNormal;
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} else {
/* Focus that client if the button was _pressed_ */
focus(c, surface);
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struct wlr_keyboard *keyboard = wlr_seat_get_keyboard(seat);
uint32_t mods = wlr_keyboard_get_modifiers(keyboard);
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++) {
if (event->button == buttons[i].button &&
CLEANMASK(mods) == CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mod) &&
buttons[i].func) {
buttons[i].func(&buttons[i].arg);
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}
}
}
}
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void
createkeyboard(struct wlr_input_device *device)
{
Keyboard *keyboard = calloc(1, sizeof(*keyboard));
keyboard->device = device;
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/* Prepare an XKB keymap and assign it to the keyboard. */
struct xkb_context *context = xkb_context_new(XKB_CONTEXT_NO_FLAGS);
struct xkb_keymap *keymap = xkb_map_new_from_names(context, &xkb_rules,
XKB_KEYMAP_COMPILE_NO_FLAGS);
wlr_keyboard_set_keymap(device->keyboard, keymap);
xkb_keymap_unref(keymap);
xkb_context_unref(context);
wlr_keyboard_set_repeat_info(device->keyboard, 25, 600);
/* Here we set up listeners for keyboard events. */
keyboard->modifiers.notify = keypressmod;
wl_signal_add(&device->keyboard->events.modifiers, &keyboard->modifiers);
keyboard->key.notify = keypress;
wl_signal_add(&device->keyboard->events.key, &keyboard->key);
wlr_seat_set_keyboard(seat, device);
/* And add the keyboard to our list of keyboards */
wl_list_insert(&keyboards, &keyboard->link);
}
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void
createmon(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
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{
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/* This event is raised by the backend when a new output (aka a display or
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* monitor) becomes available. */
struct wlr_output *wlr_output = data;
/* Some backends don't have modes. DRM+KMS does, and we need to set a mode
* before we can use the output. The mode is a tuple of (width, height,
* refresh rate), and each monitor supports only a specific set of modes. We
* just pick the monitor's preferred mode, a more sophisticated compositor
* would let the user configure it. */
if (!wl_list_empty(&wlr_output->modes)) {
struct wlr_output_mode *mode = wlr_output_preferred_mode(wlr_output);
wlr_output_set_mode(wlr_output, mode);
wlr_output_enable(wlr_output, true);
if (!wlr_output_commit(wlr_output)) {
return;
}
}
/* Allocates and configures monitor state using configured rules */
Monitor *m = calloc(1, sizeof(*m));
m->wlr_output = wlr_output;
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m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(monrules); i++) {
if (!monrules[i].name ||
!strcmp(wlr_output->name, monrules[i].name)) {
m->mfact = monrules[i].mfact;
m->nmaster = monrules[i].nmaster;
wlr_output_set_scale(wlr_output, monrules[i].scale);
wlr_xcursor_manager_load(cursor_mgr, monrules[i].scale);
m->lt[0] = m->lt[1] = monrules[i].lt;
break;
}
}
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/* Sets up a listener for the frame notify event. */
m->frame.notify = rendermon;
wl_signal_add(&wlr_output->events.frame, &m->frame);
wl_list_insert(&mons, &m->link);
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/* Adds this to the output layout. The add_auto function arranges outputs
* from left-to-right in the order they appear. A more sophisticated
* compositor would let the user configure the arrangement of outputs in the
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* layout.
*
* The output layout utility automatically adds a wl_output global to the
* display, which Wayland clients can see to find out information about the
* output (such as DPI, scale factor, manufacturer, etc).
*/
wlr_output_layout_add_auto(output_layout, wlr_output);
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}
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void
createnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is raised when wlr_xdg_shell receives a new xdg surface from a
* client, either a toplevel (application window) or popup. */
struct wlr_xdg_surface *xdg_surface = data;
if (xdg_surface->role != WLR_XDG_SURFACE_ROLE_TOPLEVEL) {
return;
}
/* Allocate a Client for this surface */
Client *c = calloc(1, sizeof(*c));
c->xdg_surface = xdg_surface;
/* Tell the client not to try anything fancy */
wlr_xdg_toplevel_set_tiled(c->xdg_surface, true);
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/* Listen to the various events it can emit */
c->map.notify = maprequest;
wl_signal_add(&xdg_surface->events.map, &c->map);
c->unmap.notify = unmapnotify;
wl_signal_add(&xdg_surface->events.unmap, &c->unmap);
c->destroy.notify = destroynotify;
wl_signal_add(&xdg_surface->events.destroy, &c->destroy);
}
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void
createpointer(struct wlr_input_device *device)
{
/* We don't do anything special with pointers. All of our pointer handling
* is proxied through wlr_cursor. On another compositor, you might take this
* opportunity to do libinput configuration on the device to set
* acceleration, etc. */
wlr_cursor_attach_input_device(cursor, device);
}
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void
cursorframe(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
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/* This event is forwarded by the cursor when a pointer emits an frame
* event. Frame events are sent after regular pointer events to group
* multiple events together. For instance, two axis events may happen at the
* same time, in which case a frame event won't be sent in between. */
/* Notify the client with pointer focus of the frame event. */
wlr_seat_pointer_notify_frame(seat);
}
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void
destroynotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
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/* Called when the surface is destroyed and should never be shown again. */
Client *c = wl_container_of(listener, c, destroy);
free(c);
}
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void
focus(Client *c, struct wlr_surface *surface)
{
/* Default client is most recently focused on selmon */
if (!c || !VISIBLEON(c, c->mon)) {
c = NULL;
surface = NULL;
Client *next;
wl_list_for_each(next, &fstack, flink) {
if (VISIBLEON(next, selmon)) {
c = next;
break;
}
}
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}
/* Default surface is the client's main xdg_surface */
if (c && !surface)
surface = c->xdg_surface->surface;
/* Focus the correct monitor as well */
if (c)
selmon = c->mon;
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struct wlr_surface *prev_surface = seat->keyboard_state.focused_surface;
if (prev_surface == surface) {
/* Don't re-focus an already focused surface. */
return;
}
if (prev_surface) {
/*
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* Deactivate the previously focused surface. This lets the
* client know it no longer has focus and the client will
* repaint accordingly, e.g. stop displaying a caret.
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*/
struct wlr_xdg_surface *previous = wlr_xdg_surface_from_wlr_surface(
seat->keyboard_state.focused_surface);
wlr_xdg_toplevel_set_activated(previous, false);
}
if (c) {
struct wlr_keyboard *keyboard = wlr_seat_get_keyboard(seat);
/* Move the client to the front of the focus stack */
wl_list_remove(&c->flink);
wl_list_insert(&fstack, &c->flink);
/* Activate the new surface */
wlr_xdg_toplevel_set_activated(c->xdg_surface, true);
/*
* Tell the seat to have the keyboard enter this surface.
* wlroots will keep track of this and automatically send key
* events to the appropriate clients without additional work on
* your part.
*/
wlr_seat_keyboard_notify_enter(seat, c->xdg_surface->surface,
keyboard->keycodes, keyboard->num_keycodes,
&keyboard->modifiers);
} else {
wlr_seat_keyboard_clear_focus(seat);
}
}
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void
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focusstack(const Arg *arg)
{
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/* Focus the next or previous client (in tiling order) on selmon */
Client *sel = selclient();
if (!sel)
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return;
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Client *c;
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if (arg->i > 0) {
wl_list_for_each(c, &sel->link, link) {
if (&c->link == &clients)
continue; /* wrap past the sentinel node */
if (VISIBLEON(c, selmon))
break; /* found it */
}
} else {
wl_list_for_each_reverse(c, &sel->link, link) {
if (&c->link == &clients)
continue; /* wrap past the sentinel node */
if (VISIBLEON(c, selmon))
break; /* found it */
}
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}
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/* If only one client is visible on selmon, then c == sel */
focus(c, NULL);
}
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void
incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
{
selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
}
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void
inputdevice(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is raised by the backend when a new input device becomes
* available. */
struct wlr_input_device *device = data;
switch (device->type) {
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_KEYBOARD:
createkeyboard(device);
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break;
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_POINTER:
createpointer(device);
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break;
default:
break;
}
/* We need to let the wlr_seat know what our capabilities are, which is
* communiciated to the client. In dwl we always have a cursor, even if
* there are no pointer devices, so we always include that capability. */
uint32_t caps = WL_SEAT_CAPABILITY_POINTER;
if (!wl_list_empty(&keyboards)) {
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caps |= WL_SEAT_CAPABILITY_KEYBOARD;
}
wlr_seat_set_capabilities(seat, caps);
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}
bool
keybinding(uint32_t mods, xkb_keysym_t sym)
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{
/*
* Here we handle compositor keybindings. This is when the compositor is
* processing keys, rather than passing them on to the client for its own
* processing.
*/
bool handled = false;
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
if (sym == keys[i].keysym &&
CLEANMASK(mods) == CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) &&
keys[i].func) {
keys[i].func(&keys[i].arg);
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handled = true;
}
}
return handled;
}
void
keypress(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is raised when a key is pressed or released. */
Keyboard *keyboard =
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wl_container_of(listener, keyboard, key);
struct wlr_event_keyboard_key *event = data;
/* Translate libinput keycode -> xkbcommon */
uint32_t keycode = event->keycode + 8;
/* Get a list of keysyms based on the keymap for this keyboard */
const xkb_keysym_t *syms;
int nsyms = xkb_state_key_get_syms(
keyboard->device->keyboard->xkb_state, keycode, &syms);
bool handled = false;
uint32_t mods = wlr_keyboard_get_modifiers(keyboard->device->keyboard);
if (event->state == WLR_KEY_PRESSED) {
/* On _press_, attempt to process a compositor keybinding. */
for (int i = 0; i < nsyms; i++) {
handled = keybinding(mods, syms[i]) || handled;
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}
}
if (!handled) {
/* Otherwise, we pass it along to the client. */
wlr_seat_set_keyboard(seat, keyboard->device);
wlr_seat_keyboard_notify_key(seat, event->time_msec,
event->keycode, event->state);
}
}
void
keypressmod(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is raised when a modifier key, such as shift or alt, is
* pressed. We simply communicate this to the client. */
Keyboard *keyboard = wl_container_of(listener, keyboard, modifiers);
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/*
* A seat can only have one keyboard, but this is a limitation of the
* Wayland protocol - not wlroots. We assign all connected keyboards to the
* same seat. You can swap out the underlying wlr_keyboard like this and
* wlr_seat handles this transparently.
*/
wlr_seat_set_keyboard(seat, keyboard->device);
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/* Send modifiers to the client. */
wlr_seat_keyboard_notify_modifiers(seat,
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&keyboard->device->keyboard->modifiers);
}
void
maprequest(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* Called when the surface is mapped, or ready to display on-screen. */
Client *c = wl_container_of(listener, c, map);
/* Insert this client into the list and focus it. */
c->mon = selmon;
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c->tags = c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
wl_list_insert(&clients, &c->link);
wl_list_insert(&fstack, &c->flink);
focus(c, NULL);
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}
void
motionabsolute(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is forwarded by the cursor when a pointer emits an _absolute_
* motion event, from 0..1 on each axis. This happens, for example, when
* wlroots is running under a Wayland window rather than KMS+DRM, and you
* move the mouse over the window. You could enter the window from any edge,
* so we have to warp the mouse there. There is also some hardware which
* emits these events. */
struct wlr_event_pointer_motion_absolute *event = data;
wlr_cursor_warp_absolute(cursor, event->device, event->x, event->y);
motionnotify(event->time_msec);
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}
void
motionnotify(uint32_t time)
{
/* Update selmon (even while dragging a window) */
selmon = xytomon(cursor->x, cursor->y);
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/* If we are currently grabbing the mouse, handle and return */
if (cursor_mode == CurMove) {
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/* Move the grabbed client to the new position. */
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grabc->x = cursor->x - grabsx;
grabc->y = cursor->y - grabsy;
return;
} else if (cursor_mode == CurResize) {
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/*
* Note that I took some shortcuts here. In a more fleshed-out
* compositor, you'd wait for the client to prepare a buffer at
* the new size, then commit any movement that was prepared.
*/
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wlr_xdg_toplevel_set_size(grabc->xdg_surface,
cursor->x - grabc->x, cursor->y - grabc->y);
return;
}
/* Otherwise, find the client under the pointer and send the event along. */
double sx, sy;
struct wlr_surface *surface = NULL;
Client *c = xytoclient(cursor->x, cursor->y,
&surface, &sx, &sy);
if (!c) {
/* If there's no client under the cursor, set the cursor image to a
* default. This is what makes the cursor image appear when you move it
* around the screen, not over any clients. */
wlr_xcursor_manager_set_cursor_image(
cursor_mgr, "left_ptr", cursor);
}
if (surface) {
bool focus_changed = seat->pointer_state.focused_surface != surface;
/*
* "Enter" the surface if necessary. This lets the client know that the
* cursor has entered one of its surfaces.
*
* Note that this gives the surface "pointer focus", which is distinct
* from keyboard focus. You get pointer focus by moving the pointer over
* a window.
*/
wlr_seat_pointer_notify_enter(seat, surface, sx, sy);
if (!focus_changed) {
/* The enter event contains coordinates, so we only need to notify
* on motion if the focus did not change. */
wlr_seat_pointer_notify_motion(seat, time, sx, sy);
}
} else {
/* Clear pointer focus so future button events and such are not sent to
* the last client to have the cursor over it. */
wlr_seat_pointer_clear_focus(seat);
}
}
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void
motionrelative(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This event is forwarded by the cursor when a pointer emits a _relative_
* pointer motion event (i.e. a delta) */
struct wlr_event_pointer_motion *event = data;
/* The cursor doesn't move unless we tell it to. The cursor automatically
* handles constraining the motion to the output layout, as well as any
* special configuration applied for the specific input device which
* generated the event. You can pass NULL for the device if you want to move
* the cursor around without any input. */
wlr_cursor_move(cursor, event->device,
event->delta_x, event->delta_y);
motionnotify(event->time_msec);
}
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void
movemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
double sx, sy;
struct wlr_surface *surface;
Client *c = xytoclient(cursor->x, cursor->y,
&surface, &sx, &sy);
if (!c) {
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return;
}
/* Prepare for moving client in motionnotify */
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grabc = c;
cursor_mode = CurMove;
grabsx = cursor->x - c->x;
grabsy = cursor->y - c->y;
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/* Float the window */
if (!grabc->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
grabc->isfloating = 1;
}
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void
quit(const Arg *arg)
{
wl_display_terminate(wl_display);
}
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void
render(struct wlr_surface *surface, int sx, int sy, void *data)
{
/* This function is called for every surface that needs to be rendered. */
struct render_data *rdata = data;
struct wlr_output *output = rdata->output;
/* We first obtain a wlr_texture, which is a GPU resource. wlroots
* automatically handles negotiating these with the client. The underlying
* resource could be an opaque handle passed from the client, or the client
* could have sent a pixel buffer which we copied to the GPU, or a few other
* means. You don't have to worry about this, wlroots takes care of it. */
struct wlr_texture *texture = wlr_surface_get_texture(surface);
if (texture == NULL) {
return;
}
/* The client has a position in layout coordinates. If you have two displays,
* one next to the other, both 1080p, a client on the rightmost display might
* have layout coordinates of 2000,100. We need to translate that to
* output-local coordinates, or (2000 - 1920). */
double ox = 0, oy = 0;
wlr_output_layout_output_coords(
output_layout, output, &ox, &oy);
ox += rdata->x + sx, oy += rdata->y + sy;
/* We also have to apply the scale factor for HiDPI outputs. This is only
* part of the puzzle, dwl does not fully support HiDPI. */
struct wlr_box obox = {
.x = ox * output->scale,
.y = oy * output->scale,
.width = surface->current.width * output->scale,
.height = surface->current.height * output->scale,
};
/*
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* Those familiar with OpenGL are also familiar with the role of matrices
* in graphics programming. We need to prepare a matrix to render the
* client with. wlr_matrix_project_box is a helper which takes a box with
* a desired x, y coordinates, width and height, and an output geometry,
* then prepares an orthographic projection and multiplies the necessary
* transforms to produce a model-view-projection matrix.
*
* Naturally you can do this any way you like, for example to make a 3D
* compositor.
*/
float matrix[9];
enum wl_output_transform transform =
wlr_output_transform_invert(surface->current.transform);
wlr_matrix_project_box(matrix, &obox, transform, 0,
output->transform_matrix);
/* This takes our matrix, the texture, and an alpha, and performs the actual
* rendering on the GPU. */
wlr_render_texture_with_matrix(renderer, texture, matrix, 1);
/* This lets the client know that we've displayed that frame and it can
* prepare another one now if it likes. */
wlr_surface_send_frame_done(surface, rdata->when);
}
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void
rendermon(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* This function is called every time an output is ready to display a frame,
* generally at the output's refresh rate (e.g. 60Hz). */
Monitor *m = wl_container_of(listener, m, frame);
struct timespec now;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
/* wlr_output_attach_render makes the OpenGL context current. */
if (!wlr_output_attach_render(m->wlr_output, NULL)) {
return;
}
/* Get effective monitor geometry and window area */
m->geom = wlr_output_layout_get_box(output_layout, m->wlr_output);
m->wx = m->geom->x;
m->wy = m->geom->y;
m->ww = m->geom->width;
m->wh = m->geom->height;
arrange(m);
/* Begin the renderer (calls glViewport and some other GL sanity checks) */
wlr_renderer_begin(renderer, m->wlr_output->width, m->wlr_output->height);
wlr_renderer_clear(renderer, rootcolor);
/* Each subsequent window we render is rendered on top of the last. Because
* our client list is ordered front-to-back, we iterate over it backwards. */
Client *c;
wl_list_for_each_reverse(c, &clients, link) {
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/* Only render clients which are on this monitor. */
/* XXX consider checking wlr_output_layout_intersects, in case a
* window can be seen on multiple outputs */
if (!VISIBLEON(c, m))
continue;
struct render_data rdata = {
.output = m->wlr_output,
.when = &now,
.x = c->x,
.y = c->y,
};
/* This calls our render function for each surface among the
* xdg_surface's toplevel and popups. */
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wlr_xdg_surface_for_each_surface(c->xdg_surface, render, &rdata);
}
/* Hardware cursors are rendered by the GPU on a separate plane, and can be
* moved around without re-rendering what's beneath them - which is more
* efficient. However, not all hardware supports hardware cursors. For this
* reason, wlroots provides a software fallback, which we ask it to render
* here. wlr_cursor handles configuring hardware vs software cursors for you,
* and this function is a no-op when hardware cursors are in use. */
wlr_output_render_software_cursors(m->wlr_output, NULL);
/* Conclude rendering and swap the buffers, showing the final frame
* on-screen. */
wlr_renderer_end(renderer);
wlr_output_commit(m->wlr_output);
}
void
resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
c->x = x;
c->y = y;
wlr_xdg_toplevel_set_size(c->xdg_surface, w, h);
}
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void
resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
{
double sx, sy;
struct wlr_surface *surface;
Client *c = xytoclient(cursor->x, cursor->y,
&surface, &sx, &sy);
if (!c) {
return;
}
struct wlr_box sbox;
wlr_xdg_surface_get_geometry(c->xdg_surface, &sbox);
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/* Doesn't work for X11 output - the next absolute motion event
* returns the cursor to where it started */
wlr_cursor_warp_closest(cursor, NULL,
c->x + sbox.x + sbox.width,
c->y + sbox.y + sbox.height);
/* Prepare for resizing client in motionnotify */
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grabc = c;
cursor_mode = CurResize;
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/* Float the window */
if (!grabc->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
grabc->isfloating = 1;
}
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void
run(char *startup_cmd)
{
pid_t startup_pid = -1;
/* Add a Unix socket to the Wayland display. */
const char *socket = wl_display_add_socket_auto(wl_display);
if (!socket) {
wlr_backend_destroy(backend);
exit(1);
}
/* Start the backend. This will enumerate outputs and inputs, become the DRM
* master, etc */
if (!wlr_backend_start(backend)) {
wlr_backend_destroy(backend);
wl_display_destroy(wl_display);
exit(1);
}
/* Now that outputs are initialized, choose initial selmon based on
* cursor position, and set default cursor image */
selmon = xytomon(cursor->x, cursor->y);
/* XXX hack to get cursor to display in its initial location (100, 100)
* instead of (0, 0) and then jumping */
wlr_cursor_warp_closest(cursor, NULL, cursor->x, cursor->y);
wlr_xcursor_manager_set_cursor_image(cursor_mgr, "left_ptr", cursor);
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/* Set the WAYLAND_DISPLAY environment variable to our socket and run the
* startup command if requested. */
setenv("WAYLAND_DISPLAY", socket, true);
if (startup_cmd) {
startup_pid = fork();
if (startup_pid < 0) {
perror("startup: fork");
wl_display_destroy(wl_display);
exit(1);
}
if (startup_pid == 0) {
execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", "-c", startup_cmd, (void *)NULL);
perror("startup: execl");
wl_display_destroy(wl_display);
exit(1);
}
}
/* Run the Wayland event loop. This does not return until you exit the
* compositor. Starting the backend rigged up all of the necessary event
* loop configuration to listen to libinput events, DRM events, generate
* frame events at the refresh rate, and so on. */
wlr_log(WLR_INFO, "Running Wayland compositor on WAYLAND_DISPLAY=%s",
socket);
wl_display_run(wl_display);
if (startup_cmd) {
kill(startup_pid, SIGTERM);
waitpid(startup_pid, NULL, 0);
}
}
Client *
selclient(void)
{
Client *c = wl_container_of(fstack.next, c, flink);
if (wl_list_empty(&fstack) || !VISIBLEON(c, selmon))
return NULL;
return c;
}
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void
setcursor(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
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/* This event is raised by the seat when a client provides a cursor image */
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struct wlr_seat_pointer_request_set_cursor_event *event = data;
struct wlr_seat_client *focused_client =
seat->pointer_state.focused_client;
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/* This can be sent by any client, so we check to make sure this one is
* actually has pointer focus first. */
if (focused_client == event->seat_client) {
/* Once we've vetted the client, we can tell the cursor to use the
* provided surface as the cursor image. It will set the hardware cursor
* on the output that it's currently on and continue to do so as the
* cursor moves between outputs. */
wlr_cursor_set_surface(cursor, event->surface,
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event->hotspot_x, event->hotspot_y);
}
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}
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void
setlayout(const Arg *arg)
{
if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
selmon->sellt ^= 1;
if (arg && arg->v)
selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
/* XXX change layout symbol? */
}
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/* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
void
setmfact(const Arg *arg)
{
float f;
if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
return;
f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
if (f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
return;
selmon->mfact = f;
}
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void
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setup(void)
{
/* The backend is a wlroots feature which abstracts the underlying input and
* output hardware. The autocreate option will choose the most suitable
* backend based on the current environment, such as opening an X11 window
* if an X11 server is running. The NULL argument here optionally allows you
* to pass in a custom renderer if wlr_renderer doesn't meet your needs. The
* backend uses the renderer, for example, to fall back to software cursors
* if the backend does not support hardware cursors (some older GPUs
* don't). */
backend = wlr_backend_autocreate(wl_display, NULL);
/* If we don't provide a renderer, autocreate makes a GLES2 renderer for us.
* The renderer is responsible for defining the various pixel formats it
* supports for shared memory, this configures that for clients. */
renderer = wlr_backend_get_renderer(backend);
wlr_renderer_init_wl_display(renderer, wl_display);
/* This creates some hands-off wlroots interfaces. The compositor is
* necessary for clients to allocate surfaces and the data device manager
* handles the clipboard. Each of these wlroots interfaces has room for you
* to dig your fingers in and play with their behavior if you want. */
wlr_compositor_create(wl_display, renderer);
wlr_data_device_manager_create(wl_display);
/* Creates an output layout, which a wlroots utility for working with an
* arrangement of screens in a physical layout. */
output_layout = wlr_output_layout_create();
/* Configure a listener to be notified when new outputs are available on the
* backend. */
wl_list_init(&mons);
new_output.notify = createmon;
wl_signal_add(&backend->events.new_output, &new_output);
/* Set up our lists of clients and the xdg-shell. The xdg-shell is a
* Wayland protocol which is used for application windows. For more
* detail on shells, refer to the article:
*
* https://drewdevault.com/2018/07/29/Wayland-shells.html
*/
wl_list_init(&clients);
wl_list_init(&fstack);
xdg_shell = wlr_xdg_shell_create(wl_display);
new_xdg_surface.notify = createnotify;
wl_signal_add(&xdg_shell->events.new_surface,
&new_xdg_surface);
/*
* Creates a cursor, which is a wlroots utility for tracking the cursor
* image shown on screen.
*/
cursor = wlr_cursor_create();
wlr_cursor_attach_output_layout(cursor, output_layout);
/* Creates an xcursor manager, another wlroots utility which loads up
* Xcursor themes to source cursor images from and makes sure that cursor
* images are available at all scale factors on the screen (necessary for
* HiDPI support). Scaled cursors will be loaded with each output. */
cursor_mgr = wlr_xcursor_manager_create(NULL, 24);
/*
* wlr_cursor *only* displays an image on screen. It does not move around
* when the pointer moves. However, we can attach input devices to it, and
* it will generate aggregate events for all of them. In these events, we
* can choose how we want to process them, forwarding them to clients and
* moving the cursor around. More detail on this process is described in my
* input handling blog post:
*
* https://drewdevault.com/2018/07/17/Input-handling-in-wlroots.html
*
* And more comments are sprinkled throughout the notify functions above.
*/
cursor_motion.notify = motionrelative;
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.motion, &cursor_motion);
cursor_motion_absolute.notify = motionabsolute;
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.motion_absolute,
&cursor_motion_absolute);
cursor_button.notify = buttonpress;
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.button, &cursor_button);
cursor_axis.notify = axisnotify;
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.axis, &cursor_axis);
cursor_frame.notify = cursorframe;
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.frame, &cursor_frame);
/*
* Configures a seat, which is a single "seat" at which a user sits and
* operates the computer. This conceptually includes up to one keyboard,
* pointer, touch, and drawing tablet device. We also rig up a listener to
* let us know when new input devices are available on the backend.
*/
wl_list_init(&keyboards);
new_input.notify = inputdevice;
wl_signal_add(&backend->events.new_input, &new_input);
seat = wlr_seat_create(wl_display, "seat0");
request_cursor.notify = setcursor;
wl_signal_add(&seat->events.request_set_cursor,
&request_cursor);
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}
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void
spawn(const Arg *arg)
{
if (fork() == 0) {
setsid();
execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
fprintf(stderr, "dwl: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
perror(" failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
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}
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void
tag(const Arg *arg)
{
Client *sel = selclient();
if (sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
focus(NULL, NULL);
}
}
void
tile(Monitor *m)
{
unsigned int i, n = 0, h, mw, my, ty;
Client *c;
struct wlr_box ca;
wl_list_for_each(c, &clients, link) {
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if (VISIBLEON(c, m) && !c->isfloating)
n++;
}
if (n == 0)
return;
if (n > m->nmaster)
mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
else
mw = m->ww;
i = my = ty = 0;
wl_list_for_each(c, &clients, link) {
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if (!VISIBLEON(c, m) || c->isfloating)
continue;
wlr_xdg_surface_get_geometry(c->xdg_surface, &ca);
if (i < m->nmaster) {
h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw, h);
my += ca.height;
} else {
h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw, h);
ty += ca.height;
}
i++;
}
}
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void
togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
{
Client *sel = selclient();
if (!sel)
return;
/* return if fullscreen */
sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating /* || sel->isfixed */;
}
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void
toggletag(const Arg *arg)
{
unsigned int newtags;
Client *sel = selclient();
if (!sel)
return;
newtags = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
if (newtags) {
sel->tags = newtags;
focus(NULL, NULL);
}
}
void
toggleview(const Arg *arg)
{
unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
if (newtagset) {
selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
focus(NULL, NULL);
}
}
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void
unmapnotify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
{
/* Called when the surface is unmapped, and should no longer be shown. */
Client *c = wl_container_of(listener, c, unmap);
int hadfocus = (c == selclient());
wl_list_remove(&c->link);
wl_list_remove(&c->flink);
if (hadfocus)
focus(NULL, NULL);
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}
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void
view(const Arg *arg)
{
if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
return;
selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
if (arg->ui & TAGMASK)
selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
focus(NULL, NULL);
}
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Client *
xytoclient(double x, double y,
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struct wlr_surface **surface, double *sx, double *sy)
{
/* This iterates over all of our surfaces and attempts to find one under the
* cursor. This relies on clients being ordered from top-to-bottom. */
Client *c;
wl_list_for_each(c, &clients, link) {
/* Skip clients that aren't visible */
if (!VISIBLEON(c, c->mon))
continue;
/*
* XDG toplevels may have nested surfaces, such as popup windows
* for context menus or tooltips. This function tests if any of
* those are underneath the coordinates x and y (in layout
* coordinates). If so, it sets the surface pointer to that
* wlr_surface and the sx and sy coordinates to the coordinates
* relative to that surface's top-left corner.
*/
double _sx, _sy;
struct wlr_surface *_surface = NULL;
_surface = wlr_xdg_surface_surface_at(c->xdg_surface,
x - c->x, y - c->y, &_sx, &_sy);
if (_surface != NULL) {
*sx = _sx;
*sy = _sy;
*surface = _surface;
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return c;
}
}
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return NULL;
}
Monitor *
xytomon(double x, double y)
{
struct wlr_output *o = wlr_output_layout_output_at(output_layout, x, y);
Monitor *m;
wl_list_for_each(m, &mons, link)
if (m->wlr_output == o)
return m;
return NULL;
}
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int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
wlr_log_init(WLR_DEBUG, NULL);
char *startup_cmd = NULL;
int c;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "s:h")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 's':
startup_cmd = optarg;
break;
default:
printf("Usage: %s [-s startup command]\n", argv[0]);
return 0;
}
}
if (optind < argc) {
printf("Usage: %s [-s startup command]\n", argv[0]);
return 0;
}
/* The Wayland display is managed by libwayland. It handles accepting
* clients from the Unix socket, manging Wayland globals, and so on. */
wl_display = wl_display_create();
setup();
run(startup_cmd);
/* Once wl_display_run returns, we shut down the server. */
wl_display_destroy_clients(wl_display);
wl_display_destroy(wl_display);
return 0;
}